Difference between revisions of "College Bowl"

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[[Image:CollegeBowl1959-1.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Barnard College vs. University of Notre Dame, March 15, 1959]]
 
[[Image:CollegeBowl1959-1.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Barnard College vs. University of Notre Dame, March 15, 1959]]
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The '''College Bowl''' or '''College Quiz Bowl''' was a series of nationally broadcast radio and television game shows featuring competing teams of students (dubbed "varsity scholars" on the programs) from various colleges and universities vying to answer academic trivia and general knowledge questions. Teams from Columbia and Barnard both featured on the programs, including the very first College Bowl radio program.
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The '''College Bowl''' (or '''College Quiz Bowl'''), and later the '''G.E. College Bowl''' were nationally broadcast radio and television game shows featuring competing teams of students (dubbed "varsity scholars") from various colleges and universities vying to answer academic trivia and general knowledge questions. The show was the brainchild of Don Reid, who according to College Bowl lore collaborated with John Moses to develop the College Bowl radio program out of  a [[w:USO|USO]] activity Reid had created during [[w:World War 2|World War II]].  
  
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The concept of a general knowledge game show had been developed by Don Reid as a [[w:USO|USO]] activity during [[w:World War 2|World War II]]. Reid went on to collaborate with John Moses to develop the game into a radio show.
+
Teams from Columbia and Barnard featured on the programs in both formats. Columbia participated in the first College Bowl program ever broadcast in 1953, and both Columbia and Barnard won "championships" on the televised version of the program in the 1960s.
  
 
==Radio Program (1953-1955)==
 
==Radio Program (1953-1955)==
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College Bowl was launched as program on the [[w:NBC Radio Network|NBC Radio Network]] in 1953, and would last for just over 2 seasons. Teams of 4 students gathered at local NBC Radio affiliate stations, while host and "Master of the Quiz" [[w:Allen Ludden|Allen Ludden]] read questions from NBC's [[w:NBC Radio City Studios|Radio City Studios]] at [[Rockefeller Center]]. Ludden would read "toss-up" questions from his studio, and the first team to signal and correctly answer received 10 points and a follow-up bonus question. Winning schools returned the following episode as 'reigning champions' until defeated. Winning teams did not "retire" after a certain number of episodes, resulting in some epic runs by individual schools.
+
'''College Bowl''', or the '''College Quiz Bowl''', was launched as a program on the [[w:NBC Radio Network|NBC Radio Network]] in [[1953]], and would air for just over 2 seasons.Shows were taped across multiple sites; host and "Master of the Quiz" [[w:Allen Ludden|Allen Ludden]] read questions from NBC's [[w:NBC Radio City Studios|Radio City Studios]] at [[Rockefeller Center]], with each school's team of four students located on their respective campus with an audience of their classmates and a studio "referee" who signaled back to Ludden when a team member was 'ringing in.' Ludden read "toss-up" questions from his studio, and the first team to signal and correctly answer received 10 points and a follow-up bonus question. Winning schools returned for the episode as 'reigning champions' until defeated. Winning teams did not "retire" after a certain number of episodes, resulting in some epic runs by individual schools.
  
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Over the course of the first season, the program began developing characteristics that are easily recognizable in [[quiz bowl]] tournaments and quiz shows today. In the early broadcasts of the program, students would 'ring in' by raising their hands and a studio referees seated with each team would call out the school name. Later on actual buzzers were added, though only as a sound effect - students still had to raise their hands to signal, and the studio referee would then sound a buzzer. As the show progressed a "neg five" penalty was added for incorrectly answering a toss-up after buzzing in, and teams began participating from on-campus locations.
+
Over the course of the first season, the program began developing characteristics that are easily recognizable in quiz shows (and [[Quiz Bowl]] tournaments) today. In the early broadcasts of the program, students would 'ring in' by raising their hands and the studio referee would call out the school name. Later on actual buzzers were added, though only as a sound effect - students still had to raise their hands to signal, and the studio referee rang a buzzer, and "neg five" penalty was introduced for incorrect answers.
  
−
In its second season, the show picked up ''[[w:Good Housekeeping|Good Housekeeping]]'' magazine as a sponsor. As part of the deal, the magazine would run a full page ad featuring a question from the show in its issues. However, GH pulled its sponsorship after two episodes of the third season aired, and the show ended later that year in December 1955.  
+
The show picked up ''[[w:Good Housekeeping|Good Housekeeping]]'' magazine as a sponsor in its second season. As part of the deal, the magazine would run a full page ad featuring a question from the show in its issues. However, the magazine pulled its sponsorship after two episodes of the third season aired, and the show ended after shortened season in December 1955.  
  
 
The winning team each week received a $500 prize for their school, while members of the losing team received a watch from Longines Wittnauer.
 
The winning team each week received a $500 prize for their school, while members of the losing team received a watch from Longines Wittnauer.
  
 
===Columbia appearances===
 
===Columbia appearances===
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Columbia holds the distinction of having participated in the very first College Bowl broadcast on October 10, 1953, a game pitting four Columbia College students against four students from [[Northwestern University]]. The Columbia students, Joe Wishy '55 of Plymouth, MA, Bill Scales '54 of Shreveport, LA, Bill May '54 of Milwaukee, WI, and Howard Falberg '54 of New York, NY, were located at the WNBC studios, while their opponents were at WMAQ in Chicago, IL.
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Columbia holds the distinction of having participated in the very first College Bowl broadcast on October 10, 1953, a game pitting four Columbia College students against four students from [[Northwestern University]]. The Columbia was represented by Joe Wishy '55 of Plymouth, MA, Bill Scales '54 of Shreveport, LA, Bill May '54 of Milwaukee, WI, and Howard Falberg '54 of New York, NY. Episodes of the program were initially taped in-studio rather than on-campus, so the Columbia participants were played out of the WNBC studios, while their opponents responded from WMAQ in Chicago, IL.
  
 
Although Howard Falberg gave the first correct answer to a toss-up in College Bowl history (correctly identifying [[w:John Hay|John Hay]] as the Secretary of State responsible for the "Open Door" policy with China), Columbia went on to lose to Northwestern, 135-60.  
 
Although Howard Falberg gave the first correct answer to a toss-up in College Bowl history (correctly identifying [[w:John Hay|John Hay]] as the Secretary of State responsible for the "Open Door" policy with China), Columbia went on to lose to Northwestern, 135-60.  
  
−
Columbia would make a second appearance on the program during its second season on episode #47, broadcast on March 12, 1955. The Columbia team's appearance was recorded in [[Casa Italiana]]. Tom Evans ’55 of Cincinnati, Milburn Smith ’56 of Fort Plans, NY, Sheldon Wolf ’55 of Brooklyn, and Gerry Pomper ’55 of NYC never had a chance, trailing opponents Colgate 170-30 at halftime, before succumbing to a final score of 310-100.
+
The episode is remarkable for its distinctly by-the-seat-of-the-pants feel, and it is clear that Ludden, the referees, and the participants are winging it, as they talk over each other, deal with a near-simultaneous buzz-in, replace accidentally spoiled questions, and handle other issues on the fly.
 +
 
 +
Columbia would make a return appearance on the program during its second season on episode #47, broadcast on March 12, 1955. By this time the show had moved to on-campus recording and the Columbia team's appearance was recorded from [[Casa Italiana]]. Tom Evans ’55 of Cincinnati, Milburn Smith ’56 of Fort Plans, NY, Sheldon Wolf ’55 of Brooklyn, and Gerry Pomper ’55 of NYC never had a chance though, trailing opponents Colgate 170-30 at halftime, before finally succumbing 310-100.
  
 
===Barnard appearances===
 
===Barnard appearances===
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Barnard College made its first appearance on the show in episode #23 on March 14, 1954. By this time the show was being recorded on campuses, and the Barnard team made their appearance from [[Brooks Hall]] living room, along with an audience of their classmates. Four seniors, Rael Isaacs '54 of New York City, Barbara Kauder '54 of Summerville, NJ, Margherita Valguarnera de Niscemi '54 of Philadelphia, PA via Palermo, Sicily, and Geraldine Kirshenbaum '54 of Brooklyn took on the reigning champs Washington and Lee University. Trailing by only 20 points at halftime, the team fell short in the end, losing 190-165.
+
Barnard College made its first appearance on the show in episode #23 on March 14, 1954. The Barnard team made their appearance from [[Brooks Hall]] living room, along with an audience of approximately 100 of their classmates. Four seniors, Rael Isaacs '54 of New York City, Barbara Kauder '54 of Summerville, NJ, Margherita Valguarnera de Niscemi '54 of Philadelphia, PA via Palermo, Sicily, and Geraldine Kirshenbaum '54 of Brooklyn took on the reigning champions Washington and Lee University. Trailing by only 20 points at halftime, the team fell short in the end, losing 190-165.
  
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Barnard made a return appearance only 5 shows later at the beginning of the second season of the show, taking on Syracuse University (who had unseated Washington and Lee) on October 30, 1954. Appearing once again from the [[Brooks Hall]] living room, Annette Wibois '55 of Des Moines, IA, Tobia Brown '55 of Brooklyn, Donna Click '55 of Cincinnati, and Judith Lewittes '54 of the Bronx took a 125-110 lead into halftime. But the team eventually fell to Syracuse by a final score of 205-175.
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Barnard returned only 5 shows later at the beginning of the second season of the show, taking on Syracuse University (who had unseated Washington and Lee) on October 30, 1954. Appearing once again from the [[Brooks Hall]] living room, Annette Wilbois '55 of Des Moines, IA, Tobia Brown '55 of Brooklyn, Donna Click '55 of Cincinnati, OH, and Judith Lewittes '54 of the Bronx took a 125-110 lead into halftime. But the team eventually fell to Syracuse by a final score of 205-175. Following the loss, the teammates penned a humorous apology to their classmates in the Barnard Bulletin, writing "It is the opinion of the Varsity Scholars that the Barnard curriculum is sadly lacking in instruction in nonsense, current popular tunes, corrupt politicians, orchestral economists, and famous but obscure facts... We were sorry we could not sail the seven sisters to victory. It's not that we were lion down on the job, we just couldn't bear to win," and signing off "[[w:Clotho|Clotho]], [[w:Atropos|Atropos]], [[w:Lachesis|Lachesis]], and [[w:Piglet|Piglet]]".
  
 
===Media===
 
===Media===
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==G.E. College Bowl Television Program (1959-1970)==
 
==G.E. College Bowl Television Program (1959-1970)==
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After a four year hiatus, the College Bowl was revived as a television program on CBS as the "GE College Bowl", sponsored by General Electric. The re-launch of the show came after the game show genre had been rocked by a series of [[w:Quiz show scandals|game-rigging scandals]], including most famously one involving Columbia professor Charles van Doren, son of the legendary Professor [[Mark van Doren]] (as dramatized in the film ''[[w:Quiz Show|Quiz Show]]''). Perhaps the goal was to give the format a more wholesome look.
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After a four year hiatus, the College Bowl was revived as a television program on CBS as the '''GE College Bowl''', sponsored by General Electric. The re-launch of the show came after the game show genre had been rocked by a series of [[w:Quiz show scandals|game-rigging scandals]], including most famously one involving Columbia professor [[Charles van Doren]], son of the legendary Professor [[Mark van Doren]] (as dramatized in the film ''[[w:Quiz Show|Quiz Show]]''). Perhaps the goal was to give the format a more wholesome look.
  
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The new show once again featured teams of four college students, but now traveled from school to school, with the 'reigning champions' hosting challengers in a campus showdown. Teams who won five matches in a row were crowned 'champions', awarded a 'College Bowl' trophy, and retired from the show. Teams also earned scholarship money from show sponsors for their schools for each match won.  
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The new show once again featured teams of four college students, but now traveled from school to school, with the 'reigning champions' hosting challengers in a campus showdown. Teams who won five matches in a row were crowned 'champions', awarded a 'College Bowl' trophy, and retired from the show. Teams also earned $1,500 in scholarship money for their schools for each match won.  
  
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For the first three seasons, the show aired on CBS and featured Allen Ludden as host once more. After three seasons the show moved to NBC, and [[w:Robert Earle|Robert Earle]] succeeded Ludden, who had moved on to host the game show ''[[w:Password (game show)|Password]]''.
+
The show initially aired on CBS and featured Allen Ludden as host once more. In 1962 the show moved to NBC, with [[w:Robert Earle|Robert Earle]] succeeding Ludden, who had moved on to host the game show ''[[w:Password (game show)|Password]]''.
  
 
===Columbia/Barnard appearances on CBS===
 
===Columbia/Barnard appearances on CBS===
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In a reprise of the very first College Bowl radio broadcast, Columbia faced off against Northwestern in the second ever episode of the new television program which aired on January 11, 1959. Columbia College students Ira Jolles ’59, Alexander Liebowitz ’61, Bruce Shoulson ’61, and David Looman ’62 went on to repeat history, losing to Northwestern again, though by a more respectable margin of 165-130.
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In a reprise of the very first College Bowl radio broadcast, Columbia again faced off against Northwestern in episode #2 of the new television program which aired on January 11, 1959. Columbia College students Ira Jolles ’59, Alexander Liebowitz ’61, Bruce Shoulson ’61, and David Looman ’62 went on to repeat history, losing to Northwestern again, though by a more respectable margin of 165-130.
  
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Barnard College was invited on to the show for episode #9, to face off against Notre Dame in South Bend, Indiana. The Notre Dame team was coming off of a victory against Georgetown University, during which future fantasy and gothic mystery novelist [[w:John Bellairs|John Bellairs]] earned notoriety for launching into a [[w:Middle English|Middle English]] recitation of Chaucer in response to a question about the Canterbury Tales. The team of Heritage (Cherry) White ’59, Susan Rennie ’61, Phyllis Hurwitz ’61, and Ellen Willis ’62 were coached by Professor of English Richard Norman, and eager to out-do their counter-parts across the street at Columbia. Rennie, a native of South Africa who had participated in game shows in her native country was quoted in an interview saying "It's our absolute ambition to win this match because Columbia lost their first time out."
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Barnard College was invited on to the show for episode #9, to face off against Notre Dame in South Bend, Indiana. The Notre Dame team was coming off of a victory against Georgetown University, during which future fantasy and gothic mystery novelist [[w:John Bellairs|John Bellairs]] earned notoriety for launching into a [[w:Middle English|Middle English]] recitation of Chaucer in response to a bonus question about the Canterbury Tales. The team of Heritage (Cherry) White ’59, Susan Rennie ’61, Phyllis Hurwitz ’61, and Ellen Willis ’62 were coached by Professor of English Richard Norman, and eager to out-do their counterparts across the street at Columbia. Rennie, a native of South Africa who had participated in game shows in her native country was quoted in an interview saying "It's our absolute ambition to win this match because Columbia lost their first time out."
  
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Barnard defeated Notre Dame 230-110 on an episode that aired on March 15, 1959. On their return to campus, the team was greeted by a cheering crowd of their classmates, and members of the [[Columbia University Marching Band|Marching Band]]. The two weeks later the team hosted and defeated USC at [[Minor Latham Playhouse]] in episode #10 which aired on March 29, 1959, subduing their west coast guests 195-65 (having blitzed their opponents to a 140-0 lead), before finally falling to University of Minnesota 220-210 in a heartbreaker in episode #11.
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Barnard defeated Notre Dame 230-110 on an episode that aired on March 15, 1959. Years later a member of the Notre Dame remembered one particularly dominant Barnard player, likely Phyllis Hurwitz, recalling "I don't remember her name, but, single-handedly, she could have beaten the entire Notre Dame team that day."
 +
 
 +
On their return to campus, the team was greeted by a cheering crowd of their classmates, and members of the [[Columbia University Marching Band|Marching Band]]. The two weeks later the team hosted and defeated USC at [[Minor Latham Playhouse]] in episode #10 which aired on March 29, 1959, subduing their west coast guests 195-65 (having blitzed their opponents to a 140-0 lead). After their second win, the team earned a place in the Barnard Bulletin's April Fools issue, which claimed the players were awarded individual scholarships (and a waiver of hefty senior activity fees in the case of senior Cherry White) after having threatened to abscond with the full $1,500 prize from their next win. Unfortunately, the Barnard team fell to the University of Minnesota in a heartbreaker, 220-210, two weeks later in episode #11.
  
 
<videoflash>sOpbWtChoy8</videoflash>
 
<videoflash>sOpbWtChoy8</videoflash>
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=====Video and Audio=====
 
=====Video and Audio=====
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*Phyllis Hurwitz and Cherry White briefly appear in a scene of [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1295085/ "Gifted Hands: The Ben Carson Story"] (at the 34:45 mark) when the title character and his brother are watching College Bowl on TV, although the voiceover is borrowed from a different episode of the show as Allen Ludden refers to "Brandeis."
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*Phyllis Hurwitz and Cherry White briefly appear in a scene of [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1295085/ "Gifted Hands: The Ben Carson Story"] (at the 34:45 mark) when the title character and his brother are watching the GE College Bowl on TV, although the audio appears to be borrowed from a different episode of the show as Allen Ludden is heard referring to "Brandeis" during the Barnard footage.
 
*The [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sOpbWtChoy8 introduction of the Barnard-USC match] is available on Youtube, including footage of Phyllis Hurwitz answering a question against Notre Dame, footage of both campuses, player introductions, and Allen Ludden explaining the rules.
 
*The [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sOpbWtChoy8 introduction of the Barnard-USC match] is available on Youtube, including footage of Phyllis Hurwitz answering a question against Notre Dame, footage of both campuses, player introductions, and Allen Ludden explaining the rules.
 
*The Barnard Archives has magnetic tape audio recordings of the Barnard-Notre Dame and Barnard-USC matches, which were given over by the college's English Department in 2004, suggesting that they were perhaps stored among Richard Norman's records. However, they require conversion in order to be played back.
 
*The Barnard Archives has magnetic tape audio recordings of the Barnard-Notre Dame and Barnard-USC matches, which were given over by the college's English Department in 2004, suggesting that they were perhaps stored among Richard Norman's records. However, they require conversion in order to be played back.
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===Columbia/Barnard appearances on NBC===
 
===Columbia/Barnard appearances on NBC===
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In 1962, the GE College Bowl shifted to NBC and took on a new host, Robert Earle. Columbia made its second appearance on the television show during the 1966-1967 season.
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In 1962, the ''''GE College Bowl''' shifted to NBC and took on a new host, Robert Earle. Columbia made its second appearance on the television show during the 1966-1967 season.
 +
 
 +
Captained by Elia Racah ’67, the 1966 Columbia squad included Derek Randal ’67, Jeffrey Rosen ’68, and Steven Ross ’68. The team was coached by Assistant Dean Mark Flanigan, who quipped to the Columbia Spectator "I am the only coach on campus with an undefeated, untied, and unscored on team." Assistant coach Katharine Koch called "really offensive", hopefully referring to their scoring prowess. The 66-67 team went on to demolish Providence College (300-205), Indiana University- Bloomington (250-145), Michigan State University (320-150), College of William and Mary (330-60), and Smith College (345-120) between November 6 and December 18, 1966. When the smoke settled the 5-time-champions retired from the show with $10,500 in scholarships for the school, a silver trophy for the team, and a champagne party given in their honor by Columbia College Dean [[David Truman]]. Reflecting on those games years later, show creator Don Reid recalled that "the Columbia series was one of the biggest slaughters in the College Bowl."
 +
 
 +
Not to be outdone, Barnard College appeared on the show during the following season, and matched their peer's performance. Debbie Weissman '70 and teammates Maggie Rosenblum '68, Rachel Val Cohen '70, and Connie Casey '69, coached once more by Professor Richard Norman along with Jeffrey Rosen and Steven Ross from the Columbia championship team (who were still on campus as seniors), first stopped Bryn Mawr from completing a 5 game winning streak 205-175, and then went on to complete its own, defeating in turn Niagara University (240-165), Ohio State (295-145), Jackson College/Tufts University (225-160), and the University of Washington (175-160). They too took home the 'College Bowl' trophy, $10,500 in scholarship grants for Barnard, and were feted by college President Martha Peterson.
  
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Captained by Elia Racah ’67, the 1966 Columbia squad included Derek Randal ’67, Jeffrey Rosen ’68, and Steven Ross ’68. The team was coached by Assistant Dean Mark Flanigan, who quipped to the Columbia Spectator "I am the only coach on campus with an undefeated, untied, and unscored on team." Assistant coach Katharine Koch called "really offensive", hopefully referring to their scoring prowess. The 66-67 team went on to demolish Providence College (300-205), Indiana University- Bloomington (250-145), Michigan State University (320-150), College of William and Mary (330-60), and Smith College (345-120) between November 6 and December 18, 1966. When the smoke settled the 5 time champions retired from the show with $10,500 in scholarships for the school, a silver trophy for the team, and a champagne party given in their honor by Columbia College Dean [[David Truman]]. Reflecting on those games years later, show creator Don Reid recalled that "the Columbia series was one of the biggest slaughters in the College Bowl."
+
The Barnard Bulletin article reporting on the 67-68 team's ultimate victory claimed that the team would play one final match at 4 pm on January 14, 1968 in Columbia's [[Wollman Auditorium]] - against Columbia's championship team from the previous season in a 'Battle of the Sexes', with Derek Randal and Elia Racah travelling to New York from their respective graduate schools to participate. However neither the Bulletin nor the Spectator reported on the outcome of the match, leaving in doubt whether the tantalizing match-up ever occurred.
  
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Not to be outdone, Barnard College appeared on the show during the following season, and matched their peer's performance. Debbie Weissman '70 and teammates Maggie Rosenblum '68, Rachel Val Cohen '70, and Connie Casey '69, coached once more by Professor Richard Norman, first stopped Bryn Mawr from completing a 5 game winning streak 205-175, and then went on to complete its own, defeating in turn Niagara University (240-165), Ohio State (295-145), Jackson College/Tufts University (225-160), and the University of Washington (175-160). They too took home the 'College Bowl', $10,500 in scholarship grants for Barnard, and were received by college President Martha Peterson.
+
The current whereabouts of the two 'College Bowl' trophies are unknown. The Columbia trophy was reported to be in the possession of Fran Matsuo, then the assistant to the director of [[Ferris Booth Hall]], in the Spring/Summer 1987 issue of [[Columbia College Today]]. Ms. Matsuo has since retired, FBH has since been demolished, and the trophy's whereabouts are unknown.
  
 
====Media====
 
====Media====
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</gallery>
 
</gallery>
  
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==Other Programs==
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==Later Programs and Demise==
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College Bowl produced a few more radio and television programs during the 1970s, before ultimately settling into organizing un-broadcast collegiate tournaments around the country in the 1980s, in addition to licensing a number offshoots of the format. It appears that Columbia may have made an appearance during a show broadcast on CBS Radio sometime between 1979 and 1980.
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Following the end of the GE College Bowl television program in 1970, the College Bowl 'product' would be revived in the late 1970s by the "College Bowl Company" (also referred to sometimes as College Bowl, Inc. or CBI), first as an on-campus activity and then as an intercollegiate competition in various forms through the late 70s and 80s. CBI was initially led by College Bowl creator Don Reid, and then by his son Richard Reid. It appears that Columbia may have made an appearance at a regional tournament in 1979 that may have been recorded for broadcast on the CBS Radio network. CBI would also run a 'national' championship tournament in 1987 that was broadcast on the Disney Channel.
 +
 
 +
College Bowl ultimately settled into producing questions and organizing on-campus intramural and intercollegiate tournaments around the country, in addition to licensing a number offshoots of the format.
 +
 
 +
However, students at many schools grew tired of College Bowl's centralized hegemony and poorly formatted questions, leading to a wave of "de-affilation" in the 1990w and the formation of a number of competing question writing/tournament organizing organizations, such as the Academic Competition Federation (ACF) and National Academic Quiz Tournaments (NAQT). The [[Quiz Bowl]] team at Columbia today travels to and participates in a number tournaments organized by these and other groups around the northeast and mid-Atlantic.
  
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Ultimately students at schools who grew tired of College Bowl's centralized hegemony and tv-like format formed a number of competing question writing/tournament organizing organizations, such as ACF and NAQT. The [[Quiz Bowl]] club at Columbia travels to and participates in a number of student organized tournaments around the northeast and mid-atlantic.
+
In June 2008, the College Bowl Company announced that it was "suspending the College Bowl campus program, effective immediately. College Bowl will no longer produce question packets for campus, regional, and national competitions." While the original College Bowl may have met its ultimate demise in 2008, the legacy of the concept originally launched in 1953 is carried on by NAQT, ACF, and independent tournament organizers and question writers.
  
 
==External links==
 
==External links==

Revision as of 01:17, 13 December 2012

Barnard College vs. University of Notre Dame, March 15, 1959

The College Bowl (or College Quiz Bowl), and later the G.E. College Bowl were nationally broadcast radio and television game shows featuring competing teams of students (dubbed "varsity scholars") from various colleges and universities vying to answer academic trivia and general knowledge questions. The show was the brainchild of Don Reid, who according to College Bowl lore collaborated with John Moses to develop the College Bowl radio program out of a USO activity Reid had created during World War II.

Teams from Columbia and Barnard featured on the programs in both formats. Columbia participated in the first College Bowl program ever broadcast in 1953, and both Columbia and Barnard won "championships" on the televised version of the program in the 1960s.

Radio Program (1953-1955)

College Bowl, or the College Quiz Bowl, was launched as a program on the NBC Radio Network in 1953, and would air for just over 2 seasons.Shows were taped across multiple sites; host and "Master of the Quiz" Allen Ludden read questions from NBC's Radio City Studios at Rockefeller Center, with each school's team of four students located on their respective campus with an audience of their classmates and a studio "referee" who signaled back to Ludden when a team member was 'ringing in.' Ludden read "toss-up" questions from his studio, and the first team to signal and correctly answer received 10 points and a follow-up bonus question. Winning schools returned for the episode as 'reigning champions' until defeated. Winning teams did not "retire" after a certain number of episodes, resulting in some epic runs by individual schools.

Over the course of the first season, the program began developing characteristics that are easily recognizable in quiz shows (and Quiz Bowl tournaments) today. In the early broadcasts of the program, students would 'ring in' by raising their hands and the studio referee would call out the school name. Later on actual buzzers were added, though only as a sound effect - students still had to raise their hands to signal, and the studio referee rang a buzzer, and "neg five" penalty was introduced for incorrect answers.

The show picked up Good Housekeeping magazine as a sponsor in its second season. As part of the deal, the magazine would run a full page ad featuring a question from the show in its issues. However, the magazine pulled its sponsorship after two episodes of the third season aired, and the show ended after shortened season in December 1955.

The winning team each week received a $500 prize for their school, while members of the losing team received a watch from Longines Wittnauer.

Columbia appearances

Columbia holds the distinction of having participated in the very first College Bowl broadcast on October 10, 1953, a game pitting four Columbia College students against four students from Northwestern University. The Columbia was represented by Joe Wishy '55 of Plymouth, MA, Bill Scales '54 of Shreveport, LA, Bill May '54 of Milwaukee, WI, and Howard Falberg '54 of New York, NY. Episodes of the program were initially taped in-studio rather than on-campus, so the Columbia participants were played out of the WNBC studios, while their opponents responded from WMAQ in Chicago, IL.

Although Howard Falberg gave the first correct answer to a toss-up in College Bowl history (correctly identifying John Hay as the Secretary of State responsible for the "Open Door" policy with China), Columbia went on to lose to Northwestern, 135-60.

The episode is remarkable for its distinctly by-the-seat-of-the-pants feel, and it is clear that Ludden, the referees, and the participants are winging it, as they talk over each other, deal with a near-simultaneous buzz-in, replace accidentally spoiled questions, and handle other issues on the fly.

Columbia would make a return appearance on the program during its second season on episode #47, broadcast on March 12, 1955. By this time the show had moved to on-campus recording and the Columbia team's appearance was recorded from Casa Italiana. Tom Evans ’55 of Cincinnati, Milburn Smith ’56 of Fort Plans, NY, Sheldon Wolf ’55 of Brooklyn, and Gerry Pomper ’55 of NYC never had a chance though, trailing opponents Colgate 170-30 at halftime, before finally succumbing 310-100.

Barnard appearances

Barnard College made its first appearance on the show in episode #23 on March 14, 1954. The Barnard team made their appearance from Brooks Hall living room, along with an audience of approximately 100 of their classmates. Four seniors, Rael Isaacs '54 of New York City, Barbara Kauder '54 of Summerville, NJ, Margherita Valguarnera de Niscemi '54 of Philadelphia, PA via Palermo, Sicily, and Geraldine Kirshenbaum '54 of Brooklyn took on the reigning champions Washington and Lee University. Trailing by only 20 points at halftime, the team fell short in the end, losing 190-165.

Barnard returned only 5 shows later at the beginning of the second season of the show, taking on Syracuse University (who had unseated Washington and Lee) on October 30, 1954. Appearing once again from the Brooks Hall living room, Annette Wilbois '55 of Des Moines, IA, Tobia Brown '55 of Brooklyn, Donna Click '55 of Cincinnati, OH, and Judith Lewittes '54 of the Bronx took a 125-110 lead into halftime. But the team eventually fell to Syracuse by a final score of 205-175. Following the loss, the teammates penned a humorous apology to their classmates in the Barnard Bulletin, writing "It is the opinion of the Varsity Scholars that the Barnard curriculum is sadly lacking in instruction in nonsense, current popular tunes, corrupt politicians, orchestral economists, and famous but obscure facts... We were sorry we could not sail the seven sisters to victory. It's not that we were lion down on the job, we just couldn't bear to win," and signing off "Clotho, Atropos, Lachesis, and Piglet".

Media

Radio broadcast recordings

Columbia Spectator and Barnard Bulletin Articles

G.E. College Bowl Television Program (1959-1970)

After a four year hiatus, the College Bowl was revived as a television program on CBS as the GE College Bowl, sponsored by General Electric. The re-launch of the show came after the game show genre had been rocked by a series of game-rigging scandals, including most famously one involving Columbia professor Charles van Doren, son of the legendary Professor Mark van Doren (as dramatized in the film Quiz Show). Perhaps the goal was to give the format a more wholesome look.

The new show once again featured teams of four college students, but now traveled from school to school, with the 'reigning champions' hosting challengers in a campus showdown. Teams who won five matches in a row were crowned 'champions', awarded a 'College Bowl' trophy, and retired from the show. Teams also earned $1,500 in scholarship money for their schools for each match won.

The show initially aired on CBS and featured Allen Ludden as host once more. In 1962 the show moved to NBC, with Robert Earle succeeding Ludden, who had moved on to host the game show Password.

Columbia/Barnard appearances on CBS

In a reprise of the very first College Bowl radio broadcast, Columbia again faced off against Northwestern in episode #2 of the new television program which aired on January 11, 1959. Columbia College students Ira Jolles ’59, Alexander Liebowitz ’61, Bruce Shoulson ’61, and David Looman ’62 went on to repeat history, losing to Northwestern again, though by a more respectable margin of 165-130.

Barnard College was invited on to the show for episode #9, to face off against Notre Dame in South Bend, Indiana. The Notre Dame team was coming off of a victory against Georgetown University, during which future fantasy and gothic mystery novelist John Bellairs earned notoriety for launching into a Middle English recitation of Chaucer in response to a bonus question about the Canterbury Tales. The team of Heritage (Cherry) White ’59, Susan Rennie ’61, Phyllis Hurwitz ’61, and Ellen Willis ’62 were coached by Professor of English Richard Norman, and eager to out-do their counterparts across the street at Columbia. Rennie, a native of South Africa who had participated in game shows in her native country was quoted in an interview saying "It's our absolute ambition to win this match because Columbia lost their first time out."

Barnard defeated Notre Dame 230-110 on an episode that aired on March 15, 1959. Years later a member of the Notre Dame remembered one particularly dominant Barnard player, likely Phyllis Hurwitz, recalling "I don't remember her name, but, single-handedly, she could have beaten the entire Notre Dame team that day."

On their return to campus, the team was greeted by a cheering crowd of their classmates, and members of the Marching Band. The two weeks later the team hosted and defeated USC at Minor Latham Playhouse in episode #10 which aired on March 29, 1959, subduing their west coast guests 195-65 (having blitzed their opponents to a 140-0 lead). After their second win, the team earned a place in the Barnard Bulletin's April Fools issue, which claimed the players were awarded individual scholarships (and a waiver of hefty senior activity fees in the case of senior Cherry White) after having threatened to abscond with the full $1,500 prize from their next win. Unfortunately, the Barnard team fell to the University of Minnesota in a heartbreaker, 220-210, two weeks later in episode #11.

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Media

Columbia Spectator and Barnard Bulletin Articles
Other Print Media
  • "A Slow Locomotive for Lycanthropy", Newsweek, 23 March 1959
  • "Quiz to Bring TV Caravan; Technicians Due on ND Campus Friday", South Bend Tribune, 10 March 1959
  • "Barnard Reveals Quiz Team Line-Up", South Bend Tribune ? March 1959
  • "Students in a Bowl", New York Herald-Tribune, 13 January 1959
  • "Can Barnard Bowl Men Over?", New York Herald-Tribune, 13 March 1959
Video and Audio
  • Phyllis Hurwitz and Cherry White briefly appear in a scene of "Gifted Hands: The Ben Carson Story" (at the 34:45 mark) when the title character and his brother are watching the GE College Bowl on TV, although the audio appears to be borrowed from a different episode of the show as Allen Ludden is heard referring to "Brandeis" during the Barnard footage.
  • The introduction of the Barnard-USC match is available on Youtube, including footage of Phyllis Hurwitz answering a question against Notre Dame, footage of both campuses, player introductions, and Allen Ludden explaining the rules.
  • The Barnard Archives has magnetic tape audio recordings of the Barnard-Notre Dame and Barnard-USC matches, which were given over by the college's English Department in 2004, suggesting that they were perhaps stored among Richard Norman's records. However, they require conversion in order to be played back.
  • A full video recording of Barnard's demolition of USC is known to exist.
  • The Columbia Archives has negatives of photographs taken on the Barnard team's return from Notre Dame listed in its holdings, although as of Spring 2005 they had been misplaced.
Photos

  • Ellen J. Willis '62, Phyllis J. Hurwitz '61, Heritage (Cherry) M. White '59, and Susan Rennie '61 at Notre Dame University, March 15, 1959 (Credit: Barnard College Archives)

  • Ruth L. Schwartz '61 (alternate), Heritage (Cherry) M. White '59, Susan Rennie '61, Phyllis J. Hurwitz '61, and Ellen J. Willis '62 welcomed back outside Brooks Hall, March 16, 1959 (Credit: Barnard College Archives)

  • Ellen J. Willis '62, Ruth L. Schwartz '61 (alternate), Phyllis J. Hurwitz '61, Susan Rennie '61, a tuba player from the Columbia Marching Band, and Heritage (Cherry) M. White '59 outside Brooks Hall, March 16, 1959 (Credit: Barnard College Archives)

  • Ruth L. Schwartz '61 (alternate), Susan Rennie '61, Heritage (Cherry) M. White '59, and Phyllis J. Hurwitz '61, March 16, 1959 (Credit: Barnard College Archives)

  • Phyllis J. Hurwitz '61, Ellen J. Willis '62, Susan Rennie '61, Heritage (Cherry) M. White '59, and Prof. Richard Norman (coach) in a practice session for the USC match, dated March 16, 1959, possibly inside Milbank Hall (Credit: Barnard College Archives)

Columbia/Barnard appearances on NBC

In 1962, the 'GE College Bowl shifted to NBC and took on a new host, Robert Earle. Columbia made its second appearance on the television show during the 1966-1967 season.

Captained by Elia Racah ’67, the 1966 Columbia squad included Derek Randal ’67, Jeffrey Rosen ’68, and Steven Ross ’68. The team was coached by Assistant Dean Mark Flanigan, who quipped to the Columbia Spectator "I am the only coach on campus with an undefeated, untied, and unscored on team." Assistant coach Katharine Koch called "really offensive", hopefully referring to their scoring prowess. The 66-67 team went on to demolish Providence College (300-205), Indiana University- Bloomington (250-145), Michigan State University (320-150), College of William and Mary (330-60), and Smith College (345-120) between November 6 and December 18, 1966. When the smoke settled the 5-time-champions retired from the show with $10,500 in scholarships for the school, a silver trophy for the team, and a champagne party given in their honor by Columbia College Dean David Truman. Reflecting on those games years later, show creator Don Reid recalled that "the Columbia series was one of the biggest slaughters in the College Bowl."

Not to be outdone, Barnard College appeared on the show during the following season, and matched their peer's performance. Debbie Weissman '70 and teammates Maggie Rosenblum '68, Rachel Val Cohen '70, and Connie Casey '69, coached once more by Professor Richard Norman along with Jeffrey Rosen and Steven Ross from the Columbia championship team (who were still on campus as seniors), first stopped Bryn Mawr from completing a 5 game winning streak 205-175, and then went on to complete its own, defeating in turn Niagara University (240-165), Ohio State (295-145), Jackson College/Tufts University (225-160), and the University of Washington (175-160). They too took home the 'College Bowl' trophy, $10,500 in scholarship grants for Barnard, and were feted by college President Martha Peterson.

The Barnard Bulletin article reporting on the 67-68 team's ultimate victory claimed that the team would play one final match at 4 pm on January 14, 1968 in Columbia's Wollman Auditorium - against Columbia's championship team from the previous season in a 'Battle of the Sexes', with Derek Randal and Elia Racah travelling to New York from their respective graduate schools to participate. However neither the Bulletin nor the Spectator reported on the outcome of the match, leaving in doubt whether the tantalizing match-up ever occurred.

The current whereabouts of the two 'College Bowl' trophies are unknown. The Columbia trophy was reported to be in the possession of Fran Matsuo, then the assistant to the director of Ferris Booth Hall, in the Spring/Summer 1987 issue of Columbia College Today. Ms. Matsuo has since retired, FBH has since been demolished, and the trophy's whereabouts are unknown.

Media

Columbia Spectator and Barnard Bulletin Articles
Photos

  • Barnard College 67-68 Championship team: Rachel V. Cohen '70, Deborah R. Weissman '70, Constance Casey '69, and Margaret Rosenblum '68. (Credit: Barnard College Archives)

  • President Martha Peterson receiving the College Bowl cup from General Electric Vice President John H. Spencer, while Prof. Richard Norman (coach) and members of Barnard College Quiz Bowl championship team look on in the Deanery, January 8, 1968. Left to right: Deborah R. Weissman '70, Constance Casey '69, Mr. Spencer, Prof. Norman, Goldie A. Shabad '68 (alternate), President Peterson, Rachel V. Cohen '70, and Margaret Rosenblum '68. (Credit: Barnard College Archives)

Later Programs and Demise

Following the end of the GE College Bowl television program in 1970, the College Bowl 'product' would be revived in the late 1970s by the "College Bowl Company" (also referred to sometimes as College Bowl, Inc. or CBI), first as an on-campus activity and then as an intercollegiate competition in various forms through the late 70s and 80s. CBI was initially led by College Bowl creator Don Reid, and then by his son Richard Reid. It appears that Columbia may have made an appearance at a regional tournament in 1979 that may have been recorded for broadcast on the CBS Radio network. CBI would also run a 'national' championship tournament in 1987 that was broadcast on the Disney Channel.

College Bowl ultimately settled into producing questions and organizing on-campus intramural and intercollegiate tournaments around the country, in addition to licensing a number offshoots of the format.

However, students at many schools grew tired of College Bowl's centralized hegemony and poorly formatted questions, leading to a wave of "de-affilation" in the 1990w and the formation of a number of competing question writing/tournament organizing organizations, such as the Academic Competition Federation (ACF) and National Academic Quiz Tournaments (NAQT). The Quiz Bowl team at Columbia today travels to and participates in a number tournaments organized by these and other groups around the northeast and mid-Atlantic.

In June 2008, the College Bowl Company announced that it was "suspending the College Bowl campus program, effective immediately. College Bowl will no longer produce question packets for campus, regional, and national competitions." While the original College Bowl may have met its ultimate demise in 2008, the legacy of the concept originally launched in 1953 is carried on by NAQT, ACF, and independent tournament organizers and question writers.

External links

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