Friedrich Nietzsche
Friedrich Nietzsche (don't you dare pronounce it nee-chee. It's neet-sheh) was a German philosopher. His book The Geneaology of Morals is required reading in second-semester Contemporary Civilization. Nietzsche was best known for saying something like "good was the new bad. Should we make bad the new good?"
When you discuss Nietzsche, it is permissable to bring up Nazism, but only to discuss how oversimplistic it is to equate the two.